In this research, it is assumed that unemployment is a factor inherent in the nations economics system first because intentionally or unintentionally the policy makers do not deliberately result to measures capable of reducing unemployment to acceptable level. This research is concerned with ways and means of identifying the cause and measures of curbing the problems created by unemployment.
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature Review 11
2.2 Social Consequences of Unemployment 12
2.3 Solution to Unemployment 14
2.4 Types of Unemployment 15
2.5 Causes of Unemployment 17
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Research Method 25
3.2 Research Limitation 26
3.3 Distribution and Collection of Questionnaire 27
3.4 Questionnaire Distribution and Collection 28
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 30
4.2 Testing of Research Questions/Hypothesis 32
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary of Findings 41
5.2 Conclusion 42
5.3 Restatement of the Problems 44
5.4 Recommendation 45
Bibliography 48
Appendix 50
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria is a country through multiple transition, form the period of colonialism to independence, from literacy, subsistence, agriculture to monetary economy, rural life to urban cosmopolitan life, from the day of employment to the days of mass unemployment, the time and time again throughout the human history, year after year in Nigeria, the increasing number of graduates joining the labour market keeping rising geometrically and any hope for them to secure jobs looks pessimistic the tempo of economic development does not keep pace with the rate of educational advancement, that a developing country should suffer from surplus labour in hardly surprising, but generally, unemployment is one thing and graduate unemployment is another, employment has in all its ramification come to stay with us since the ear of oil boom which has unfortunately turned to our doom.
According to daily star, June 30, (1986), unemployment is described as a situation where there are few jobs to go around the great number of people willing to work. Here, it cold be both educated and uneducated people in the country, youth employment has become some of the basic economic social and political problems facing so many states in Nigeria recently, the graduates in this context are generally the school leavers from over post primary and higher school of learning. This pitiable “labour forces” who are left redundant are eve ready to put in their best services in any kind of jobs, but would not be called upon to do so because of the situation in the country.
In Enugu metropolis, there has been a persistent increase of unemployed graduates of institution of higher learning.
On this note, there fore, it becomes imperative to give a brief definition of unemployment. According to Nigeria statement may 28, 1986, “unemployment connotes the scarcity of job both in public and private sectors. Also according to weekly star, August, 17 1986, unemployment is the state of being employed, it further describes a person as unemployed when despite his ability and willingness to work in jobless.
In the light of this problem, the former head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces General Sani Abacha in his 1st October, 1995 broadcast lifted the ban on employment. There is no doubt that the country has witnessed an upsurge in crime such as drug addiction and sophisticated armed robberies while broken home, malnutrition and many other social vices are on the increase too. Other factors that contributed to this situation also remain an integral part of this research, such factors include the expansion of the existing schools and establishment of new schools without a collateral increase in industries to absorb produced graduates, the behaviour of youth and graduated themselves towards jobs like farming, construction of roads, bridges, school taxi cars and also the over-dependence of a mono-export-oriented economy, etc.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The unabated increase in the rate of unemployment among the youth, with particular emphasis on higher institution has been a source of concern to the entire nation. Moreso, being aware of the social vices that this situation could result it makes it more disabusing, the situation is a delima when we consider many policies and legislation so far put in place by the government to cub this mind and how ineffective they have been as an instrument to reduce unemployment. The researcher having considered the above and decided the study the under listed problems with the view to x-raying then and possibly proffering lasting solutions to them.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Owing to the down turn of the economic fortunes of this country over the years, the Nigerian youth graduates have lost there mind pride of place. Their status in the society has continued to dwindle.
Today, it is sheer mirage for fresh graduates to dream of the good things of office, they are made to understand and accept that the youths, unemployment should be seen as a passing phase in the history of the nation, it is very doubtful if the much desired change in the near future will bring us anything.
Therefore, the study is aimed at showing how these problems of unemployment among the graduates of institutions of higher learning could be eradicated.
It is desirable to create a new forum in which the government plays a dominant role and actively promotes private enterprises, establishes new enterprises with a centrally directed mobilization of resources towards the definite objectives of solving the youths problems of unemployment. One makes hold to add that in choosing their course of studies, they should bear in mind that times have changed. No more straight jacket thinking, she should excel in.
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY
The study on the problem of unemployment in institution of higher learning in such that would have taken her to different parts of the country. However, as a result of financial problems and more importantly the time factor she will be limiting this study here in local government areas in Enugu urban metropolises. They are Enugu North, Enugu East west local government councils.
Due to the nature of topic, the researcher limits the respondents to unemployed graduates and some managerial.
It is not uncommon that this research work, some difficulties were overcome, these difficulties are:-
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. How is the current educational system servicing our societal needs?
2. Why then are the educated unemployed/
3. Why is it that so many students still rush in search of education when they know that there is unemployed galore?
4. How far has the government address itself to the problem of unemployment galore.
5. By what means could the youths unemployment be eradicated?
1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Unemployment: This means involuntary idleness. A person is described as unemployed when, despite his ability and willingness to work is jobless.
Intentionally: Don on purpose.
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